Description
The earliest vessels identified as censers date to the mid-fifth to late fourth centuries BCE during the Warring States period. The modern Chinese term for “censer,” Xianglu (“incense burner”), is a compound of Xiang (“incense, aromatics”) and lu (“brazier; stove; furnace”). Another common term is Xunlu (“a brazier for fumigating and perfuming”). Early Chinese censer designs, often crafted as a round, single-footed stemmed basin, are believed to have derived from earlier ritual bronzes, such as the dou sacrificial chalice.
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